10. The Bond Between People, City and Nature

"Throughout history, Iranians have been a nature-oriented people. The renowned Persian gardens are one of the most prominent signs of this cultural trait. Our wise ancestors incorporated one or more biological essences—such as water, shrubs, flowers, trees, and more—into public and communal buildings, urban pathways, administrative and commercial structures, and even mausoleums."
In recent decades, however, the rapid expansion of cities has gradually weakened the connection between people and nature, and between cities and their natural heritage. I believe that every city and its inhabitants must reestablish a balanced relationship among people, the city, and nature. The biological essences inherited from our ancestors—such as gardens, rivers, valleys, mountains, springs, seashores, and others—must be properly preserved and respectfully passed on to future generations. Otherwise, we will be left with joyless, soulless cities filled with masses of buildings and construction materials, populated by citizens who are depressed, aggressive, and ashamed in the face of both their ancestors and descendants.
With steadfast belief in the principles and expressions above, I have endeavored—wherever possible—to propose solutions in my designs that forge connections between the city and its people, especially the younger generation, and their habitats and natural assets, particularly in large-scale urban projects.
In these projects, all decision-making and design are firmly rooted in and guided by the findings, imperatives, and constraints derived from environmental studies and ecological design principles.
It is worth noting that in every project, I have benefited from the collaboration and guidance of university professors, scholars from various disciplines, experienced experts, and dedicated students from different fields—all of whom are committed advocates for the environment of this country.

In the table below, drawn from the projects featured on this site, one example has been selected from each category to illustrate how the relationship between humans, the city, and nature is addressed across seven key domains."

#Comprehensive Heading Specific Heading Function / Position Ideas and Strategies Scale/TypeExamples
1BuildingsHouseTranquility and human comfortIntegration of one or more natural essences within or around the dwelling (Iranian House)Executed


2BuildingsCluster of HousesTranquility, comfort, and social connectionIntegration of one or more natural essences within or around the cluster (Miānvand natural essences)Executed


3BuildingsPublic Buildings Individual and collective benefitIntegration of one or more natural essences within or around the building (Miānvand natural essences) Executed


4Human PassagewayAlleyCirculation – Social connection Incorporation of natural essences such as trees and flowers (Koocheh-Bagh – garden alley) Executed

5Human PassagewayCommercial and Artisan StreetsCirculation – Trade – Social interaction Incorporation of natural essences including trees, flowers, and flowing water (Bagh-Bazaar – garden market) Executed


6Human PassagewayExpressways Movement – Close and continuous visual corridor Safety enhancement and integration of green natural essences like trees, shrubs, and bushes (Bagh-Rah – garden road) + reuse of vacant spaces Strategic + Executed


7Human PassagewayUrban Highways Movement – Distant and continuous visual corridor Safety enhancement and integration of green natural essences like trees, shrubs, and bushes (Bagh-Rah – garden road) + reuse of vacant spaces Strategic + Executed


8Water CorridorRiver-ValleyA natural essence – a symbol of nature within the city Sustainable rehabilitation of the riverbed and adjacent slopes, utilizing surrounding green natural essences — enabling clean passage through the city (the rare gift of a natural essence within the urban fabric) Strategic + Executed


9Water CorridorValleyA Natural Gem Shaped by the Seasonal Flow of the City’s Upstream WatersSustainable rehabilitation of the riverbed and adjacent slopes, utilizing surrounding green natural essences — enabling clean passage through the city (the rare gift of a natural essence within the urban fabric) Strategic + Executed


10Water CorridorRiverA natural essence – a sign of living nature in the city Sustainable management of the riverbed and its banks, benefiting from surrounding natural essences — clean passage through the city (a connective corridor between city and nature)Strategic


11Water CorridorQanatAn ancestral essence – an infrastructure for sustainable urban life Preservation, revitalization, enhancement, flowing water, and creation of a visible linear garden along its course Executed


12Water CorridorSpringA natural essence – an asset of the city Preservation, enhancement, flowing water, and creation of a visible linear garden along the spring's path Recommended


13Garden – Green SpaceSingle Gardens Natural essence – Urban asset Active conservation through context-sensitive and dignified use Executed


14Garden – Green SpaceConnected Gardens Natural essence – Urban asset Active conservation through appropriate, garden-compatible uses Strategic + Prototype

15Garden – Green SpaceGardens of an Entire City Natural essence – Urban asset Zoning based on environmental studies, site-specific design, and landscape architecture; management aligned with zone/subzone conditions and compatible land use Strategic

16Garden – Green SpacePublic Gardens Natural essence – Urban asset – Social connectivity Revitalization, stewardship, function aligned with ecological capacity, and services appropriate to the garden’s identity Executed

17Garden – Green SpaceForest-Gardens on the Urban Edge Natural essence – Potential for social cohesion Safety measures, continuity, urban-compatible uses, and functions aligned with garden identity and security Strategic + Prototype

18Garden – Green SpaceUrban Pardises (Campus-style Parks) Tranquility – Social interaction Naming, features, activities, and siting of each garden; integration of gardens; functional balance based on the capacity of each garden Strategic + Executed

19Garden – Green SpaceFragmented Green Spaces Greater resilience against threats and degradation Selecting green spaces for potential linkage, identifying connectors (routes or areas), and implementing methods for spatial integration Strategic

20Garden – Green SpaceUrban Green SpaceA Natural Jewel, an Urban Asset| Organization of Urban Green Spaces Within the Framework of Existing Opportunities and ConstraintsStrategic + Design + Implementation

21Vacant LandsDegraded Passageways Urban asset – opportunity for optimized urban functions Removal of degradation, zoning of the corridor, linear gardens, activities aligned with capacity and need of each zone, integration with adjacent landsStrategic + Designed

22Vacant LandsDegraded Lands Urban asset – opportunity for optimized urban functions Structural reprogramming, removal of physical and functional blight, phased implementation of structural transformation, execution of alternative land uses Strategic + Designed

23Natural StructuresIntegration of Nature with the City A foundation for sustainable urban expansionFinal alignment selection, zoning aligned with site conditions and influential structures, protection plan, feasible and site-specific activities including linear gardens Strategic + Prototype

24Natural StructuresMountains Dominating the City Natural essence – Social and ecological connection Zoning based on structural influence, revitalization, active protection, appropriate uses based on mountain characteristics, potential for stone gardens Strategic + Executed

25Natural StructuresInner and Peripheral Urban Hills Natural essence – Social and ecological connection Zoning based on structural impact, revitalization, active protection, suitable activities for hill typologies, construction of specialized day–night gardens Strategic + Designed

26Natural StructuresFoothill Lands Natural essence – Social and ecological connection Zoning from structural influences, revitalization, active maintenance, land-specific activities, construction of specialized day–night gardens Designed + Executed

27Natural StructuresUrban–Coastal Interface Natural essence – Social and ecological connection Safety improvements, revitalization, redesign of access routes from the city, coastal landscaping, construction and planning regulations for waterfront areas Strategic + Designed

28Natural StructuresCoastal Tourism Tranquility and social connection Safety measures, zoning integrated with structural factors, planning of access routes from the city, coastal landscaping, and construction regulations Strategic + Prototype

29Rural Tourism RoutesRural Tourism Routes Natural assets – Social connection Route and corridor safety improvements, revitalization of valuable buildings, zoning and management of key sites, landscape design, construction guidelines on both sides of the road Strategic + Prototype

30Rural Tourism RoutesHistorical Tourism Routes Natural assets – Social connection Safety upgrades, restoration of historic buildings, zoning of special and heritage zones, landscape planning, building regulations along both sides and within heritage boundaries Strategic + Prototype

31Urban–Environmental Design Active Stewardship of a City's Natural Assets Conservation – Sustainable Use Aligned with Capacity Prioritizing the application of environmental studies and environmental design principles in all planning efforts involving a city’s natural essences (natural heritage) Strategic + Prototype 6. Urban-Environmental Design
Scroll to Top